What is hair loss?
Hair loss, also known as alopecia, refers to the gradual or sudden loss of hair from the scalp or body. It can affect men and women at any age and may appear as thinning, patchiness, shedding, or complete absence of hair in certain areas.
Some level of daily shedding is normal. It is worth seeking advice when the amount of hair lost increases, does not improve over time, or appears suddenly or in patches.
Types of hair loss
Understanding the type of hair loss is helpful when seeking a diagnosis or exploring treatment options with a qualified practitioner.
Androgenetic Alopecia (Pattern Hair Loss)
The most common type. Affects both men and women and is driven by genetics and hormones (especially DHT).
- In men: often appears as a receding hairline or thinning at the crown.
- In women: may appear as general thinning across the top of the scalp.
Telogen Effluvium
A temporary increase in shedding that may follow illness, major stress, surgery, medication changes, or hormonal shifts such as postpartum or menopause. It usually appears as diffuse thinning rather than bald patches.
Alopecia Areata
An autoimmune condition where the immune system targets the hair follicles. It often presents as small round patches of hair loss on the scalp or body and may progress in some individuals.
Traction Alopecia
Hair loss that occurs from repeated pulling or tension. This can be related to tight hairstyles, braids, extensions, or long-term strain on the scalp.
Scarring (Cicatricial) Alopecia
A less common group of conditions where inflammation leads to the destruction of hair follicles. Early medical attention is important to help prevent permanent loss.
Trichotillomania
A compulsive behaviour involving pulling out one’s own hair. It is often linked to stress or anxiety and may require mental health support in addition to clinical care.
What causes hair loss?
Many different factors can contribute to hair loss, and more than one may be involved.
Cause #1 – Genetics (Androgenetic Alopecia)
Inherited hair loss is the most common cause. Some follicles are more sensitive to certain hormones, which can lead to gradual thinning over time.
Cause #2 – Hormonal changes
Hormones related to pregnancy, menopause, thyroid disorders, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can affect the hair growth cycle.
Cause #3 – Stress and illness
Physical illness or emotional stress can shift more hairs into the shedding phase. This often becomes noticeable two to three months after the trigger.
Cause #4 – Nutrient deficiencies
Low levels of iron, zinc, vitamin D, biotin, or protein may affect the strength and growth of hair.
Cause #5 – Autoimmune and inflammatory conditions
In some cases, the immune system attacks hair follicles, leading to patchy or widespread loss.
Cause #6 – Medication side effects
Some medications are linked with increased shedding. These include treatments such as chemotherapy and certain antidepressants or blood pressure medications.
Cause #7 – Haircare habits
Tight hairstyles, heat styling, and chemical treatments may lead to breakage or traction related thinning.
Why do I have hair loss and others don’t?
Factor #1 – Genetics
A family history of hair loss increases the likelihood of experiencing similar changes.
Factor #2 – Hormone sensitivity
Some people have follicles that respond more strongly to normal levels of certain hormones.
Factor #3 – Stress and sleep
Lack of rest and high cortisol levels can trigger temporary shedding or worsen existing conditions.
Factor #4 – Lifestyle and diet
Restrictive eating, nutrient gaps, or chronic illness can lead to poor scalp health and weakened hair.
Living with hair loss
Hair loss affects people in different ways. Some people notice:
- Thinning or patches: More scalp showing, a wider part or round bald patches.
- Increased shedding: More hair on the pillow, brush or in the shower.
- Changes to styling: Adjusting haircuts, parting or products to suit thinner hair.
Some people are not bothered by hair loss. Others choose to seek advice. If hair loss is sudden, patchy or affecting how you feel day to day, your GP is a good first step.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What treatment options are there for hair loss in Australia?
A: There is no single option that suits everyone. The approach depends on the type of hair loss. Some people explore options such as PRP, medical support, or light based therapies. A consultation with a qualified practitioner is essential.
Q: Can hair loss be reversed?
A: Some forms, such as telogen effluvium, may improve naturally once the underlying trigger settles. Others, like genetic pattern loss, can often be supported but usually need ongoing management.
Q: Are treatments like PRP or exosomes safe for hair loss?
A: All procedures carry risks, and these should be discussed during a medical consultation.
Q: Can stress really cause hair loss?
A: Physical or emotional stress can disrupt the normal hair cycle, often showing up 2–3 months after the stressful event.
Q: Are any hair loss treatments covered by Medicare?
A: Most aesthetic or cosmetic treatments for hair loss are not covered. Medicare may cover medical assessments or investigations in certain situations.
Treatment options and finding a practitioner
Some shedding is normal, and some types of hair loss settle on their own. If you notice sudden, patchy or rapid hair loss, see your GP first, as it can be linked to iron levels, thyroid function or other health conditions. A GP or dermatologist can also discuss medical treatments.
Some people also explore clinical treatments. A practitioner may discuss options depending on your health history and goals.
Surgical consultations
In Australia, cosmetic surgery must be performed by a registered medical practitioner.
Non-surgical consultations
In Australia, these must be completed by a qualified doctor, nurse, or dentist.
All treatments carry risks, which can include scalp tenderness, redness, temporary shedding and, for surgery, bleeding, infection and scarring. A registered practitioner will explain the risks, recovery time and costs at your consultation. Results vary between people.
Please note that specific treatment details cannot be provided here to comply with Australian advertising regulations.
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